{
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "attribution": "EbolaIntel (https://ebolaintel.com)",
  "generatedAt": "2026-05-17T19:59:24.972Z",
  "count": 27,
  "outbreaks": [
    {
      "id": "1976-sudan-nzara",
      "yearStart": 1976,
      "yearEnd": 1976,
      "countries": [
        "Sudan"
      ],
      "location": "Nzara, Maridi, Tumbura, Juba",
      "strain": "SUDV",
      "cases": 284,
      "deaths": 151,
      "cfrPct": 53.2,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "First recorded Sudan virus outbreak. Cotton-factory associated.",
      "primarySource": "https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/outbreaks/index.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "1976-zaire-yambuku",
      "yearStart": 1976,
      "yearEnd": 1976,
      "countries": [
        "Zaire (now DRC)"
      ],
      "location": "Yambuku",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 318,
      "deaths": 280,
      "cfrPct": 88.1,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "Index outbreak. Reused needles in a mission hospital amplified spread. Named for the Ebola River near Yambuku.",
      "primarySource": "https://www.cdc.gov/ebola/outbreaks/index.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "1979-sudan-nzara",
      "yearStart": 1979,
      "yearEnd": 1979,
      "countries": [
        "Sudan"
      ],
      "location": "Nzara, Maridi",
      "strain": "SUDV",
      "cases": 34,
      "deaths": 22,
      "cfrPct": 64.7,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "1994-gabon-makokou",
      "yearStart": 1994,
      "yearEnd": 1995,
      "countries": [
        "Gabon"
      ],
      "location": "Makokou - gold-mining camps",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 52,
      "deaths": 31,
      "cfrPct": 59.6,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "1995-zaire-kikwit",
      "yearStart": 1995,
      "yearEnd": 1995,
      "countries": [
        "Zaire (now DRC)"
      ],
      "location": "Kikwit",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 315,
      "deaths": 254,
      "cfrPct": 80.6,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "Hospital amplification; first outbreak with extensive international response.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "1996-gabon-mayibout",
      "yearStart": 1996,
      "yearEnd": 1997,
      "countries": [
        "Gabon"
      ],
      "location": "Mayibout 2, Booué, Libreville",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 91,
      "deaths": 66,
      "cfrPct": 72.5,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2000-uganda-gulu",
      "yearStart": 2000,
      "yearEnd": 2001,
      "countries": [
        "Uganda"
      ],
      "location": "Gulu, Masindi, Mbarara",
      "strain": "SUDV",
      "cases": 425,
      "deaths": 224,
      "cfrPct": 52.7,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "Largest Sudan virus outbreak on record before 2022.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2001-gabon-rcongo",
      "yearStart": 2001,
      "yearEnd": 2003,
      "countries": [
        "Gabon",
        "Republic of the Congo"
      ],
      "location": "Border regions - Mbomo, Kelle",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 302,
      "deaths": 254,
      "cfrPct": 84.1,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2004-sudan-yambio",
      "yearStart": 2004,
      "yearEnd": 2004,
      "countries": [
        "Sudan"
      ],
      "location": "Yambio",
      "strain": "SUDV",
      "cases": 17,
      "deaths": 7,
      "cfrPct": 41.2,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2005-rcongo-etoumbi",
      "yearStart": 2005,
      "yearEnd": 2005,
      "countries": [
        "Republic of the Congo"
      ],
      "location": "Etoumbi",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 12,
      "deaths": 10,
      "cfrPct": 83.3,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2007-drc-luebo",
      "yearStart": 2007,
      "yearEnd": 2007,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "Luebo, Mweka - Kasaï-Occidental",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 264,
      "deaths": 187,
      "cfrPct": 70.8,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2007-uganda-bundibugyo",
      "yearStart": 2007,
      "yearEnd": 2008,
      "countries": [
        "Uganda"
      ],
      "location": "Bundibugyo District",
      "strain": "BDBV",
      "cases": 149,
      "deaths": 37,
      "cfrPct": 24.8,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "First recognised Bundibugyo virus outbreak. The only one in the species record until the 2012 DRC and 2026 DRC + Uganda outbreaks.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2008-drc-mweka",
      "yearStart": 2008,
      "yearEnd": 2009,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "Mweka, Luebo",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 32,
      "deaths": 14,
      "cfrPct": 43.8,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2012-uganda-kibaale",
      "yearStart": 2012,
      "yearEnd": 2012,
      "countries": [
        "Uganda"
      ],
      "location": "Kibaale District",
      "strain": "SUDV",
      "cases": 24,
      "deaths": 17,
      "cfrPct": 70.8,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2012-drc-orientale",
      "yearStart": 2012,
      "yearEnd": 2012,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "Orientale Province",
      "strain": "BDBV",
      "cases": 57,
      "deaths": 29,
      "cfrPct": 50.9,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "Second recognised Bundibugyo virus outbreak. The 2026 outbreak shares geographic proximity (Ituri Province sits in the former Orientale Province area).",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2013-west-africa",
      "yearStart": 2013,
      "yearEnd": 2016,
      "countries": [
        "Guinea",
        "Liberia",
        "Sierra Leone",
        "Nigeria",
        "Mali",
        "Senegal"
      ],
      "location": "Multiple - first cross-border ebolavirus epidemic",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 28616,
      "deaths": 11310,
      "cfrPct": 39.5,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "Largest Ebola outbreak in recorded history. PHEIC declared 8 August 2014. Drove rVSV-ZEBOV (Ervebo) clinical trials.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2014-drc-equateur",
      "yearStart": 2014,
      "yearEnd": 2014,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "Équateur Province",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 66,
      "deaths": 49,
      "cfrPct": 74.2,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2018-drc-bikoro",
      "yearStart": 2018,
      "yearEnd": 2018,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "Bikoro, Mbandaka - Équateur Province",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 54,
      "deaths": 33,
      "cfrPct": 61.1,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "First operational use of Ervebo (rVSV-ZEBOV) in ring vaccination.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2018-drc-kivu",
      "yearStart": 2018,
      "yearEnd": 2020,
      "countries": [
        "DRC",
        "Uganda"
      ],
      "location": "North Kivu, Ituri, South Kivu - armed-conflict zones",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 3470,
      "deaths": 2280,
      "cfrPct": 65.7,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "Second-largest Ebola outbreak. PHEIC declared 17 July 2019. Conflict, mistrust, and attacks on health workers extended duration to 23 months.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2020-drc-equateur-2",
      "yearStart": 2020,
      "yearEnd": 2020,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "Équateur Province",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 130,
      "deaths": 55,
      "cfrPct": 42.3,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2021-drc-butembo",
      "yearStart": 2021,
      "yearEnd": 2021,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "Butembo, North Kivu",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 12,
      "deaths": 6,
      "cfrPct": 50,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "Resurgence linked to viral persistence in survivors of the 2018–2020 outbreak.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2021-guinea",
      "yearStart": 2021,
      "yearEnd": 2021,
      "countries": [
        "Guinea"
      ],
      "location": "N’Zérékoré Region",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 23,
      "deaths": 12,
      "cfrPct": 52.2,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "First recognised Ebola resurgence in Guinea since 2016. Genome analysis suggested persistence from the 2014–2016 outbreak.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2021-drc-north-kivu",
      "yearStart": 2021,
      "yearEnd": 2021,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "North Kivu",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 11,
      "deaths": 9,
      "cfrPct": 81.8,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2022-uganda-mubende",
      "yearStart": 2022,
      "yearEnd": 2023,
      "countries": [
        "Uganda"
      ],
      "location": "Mubende District, then nine districts including Kampala suburbs",
      "strain": "SUDV",
      "cases": 164,
      "deaths": 77,
      "cfrPct": 47,
      "active": false,
      "notable": "Largest Sudan virus outbreak since 2000. No approved vaccine or therapeutic available; clinical trials of investigational candidates launched.",
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2025-uganda-kampala",
      "yearStart": 2025,
      "yearEnd": 2025,
      "countries": [
        "Uganda"
      ],
      "location": "Kampala, Mbale, Wakiso",
      "strain": "SUDV",
      "cases": 14,
      "deaths": 4,
      "cfrPct": 28.6,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2025-drc-kasai",
      "yearStart": 2025,
      "yearEnd": 2025,
      "countries": [
        "DRC"
      ],
      "location": "Kasaï Province",
      "strain": "EBOV",
      "cases": 81,
      "deaths": 28,
      "cfrPct": 34.6,
      "active": false,
      "notable": null,
      "primarySource": null
    },
    {
      "id": "2026-drc-uganda",
      "yearStart": 2026,
      "yearEnd": 2026,
      "countries": [
        "DRC",
        "Uganda"
      ],
      "location": "Ituri Province - Bunia, Rwampara, Mongbwalu; Uganda - Kampala",
      "strain": "BDBV",
      "cases": 336,
      "deaths": 87,
      "cfrPct": 25.9,
      "active": true,
      "notable": "WHO declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 17 May 2026. Third recognised Bundibugyo virus outbreak; no approved vaccines or therapeutics target this strain. Cross-border spread to Uganda confirmed via traveler-linked Kampala cases.",
      "primarySource": "https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news"
    }
  ]
}